LSAC Candidate Agreement: Terms and Conditions for the LSAT and the LSAT—Puerto Rico

Authorization. 

You authorize LSAC to release to law schools any information related to your taking the Test or applying to law school, including but not limited to any information regarding any Test Security Investigation, any findings of conduct that is not permitted under this Agreement, and/or any investigation or findings related to Misconduct & Irregularities. You also authorize each law school to which you apply to release information from your law school file to LSAC.

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Privacy Notice and Notice of Collection of Personally Identifying Information. 

LSAC collects personally identifying information from you when you register for and/or take the Test. LSAC’s processing of such information (including the collection, use, transfer, storage, and disclosure of such information) is described in the LSAC Privacy Notice, as amended from time to time. When you register for and/or take any Test, you consent to the collection of your personally identifying information and its use and disclosure in accordance with this Agreement and the LSAC Privacy Notice.

1. Required Personally Identifying Information: When registering for and/or taking any Test, you are required to provide personally identifying information to LSAC. Providing certain personally identifying information is mandatory. If you do not provide the mandatory personally identifying information, including but not limited to your name, address, and date of birth, you may not be able to register for and/or take the Test.
2. LSAC's Use of Personally Identifying Information: LSAC may share your personally identifying information with the law schools to which you apply. LSAC may also share your personally identifying information for any other purposes or uses for which you provide consent at the time you register for the Test or when requesting or ordering other LSAC products and/or services, including but not limited to any purposes or uses described in the LSAC Privacy Notice. For purposes of illustration, LSAC will send your Test score reports to the law schools to which you direct LSAC to send the Test score reports. In addition, LSAC may provide your numeric score and percentile on the Test to your college and/or university. Your personally identifying information may also be accessible to law enforcement and national security authorities or used to comply with any legal or regulatory obligation, protect and defend LSAC’s rights and/or property, protect the safety of LSAC’s employees, contractors, other Candidates, and/or the public, protect LSAC or third parties against legal liability, or as otherwise described in the LSAC Privacy Notice.
3. Notice to International Candidates: As noted in the LSAC Privacy Notice, your personally identifying information may be transferred outside of your home country to the United States of America (“U.S.”), to LSAC, or to third-party testing staff for processing, collecting, and storing such information. Any data collected by LSAC will be subject to the regulations on use and disclosure in the U.S.
4. Questions about LSAC's Use of Personally Identifying Information: If you have any questions about the LSAC Privacy Notice, please contact LSAC’s Data Protection Officer at privacy@LSAC.org.

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Confidentiality of Test Material. 

The LSAT and LSAT Argumentative Writing, including all Test questions, Test answers choices, and Test forms that have not been publicly disclosed by LSAC outside of a proctored test environment, are confidential and secure Test material. LSAC is the exclusive owner of all rights in the LSAT and LSAT Argumentative Writing sample, and its rights are protected under U.S. law (including but not limited to U.S. copyright and trademark laws) and international law. You understand that you have no license or permission to copy, disclose, or use the confidential and secure Test material, and you agree that you will maintain the confidentiality and security of the Test material at all times during and after you take the Test.

You agree that you will not reproduce, re-create, distribute, sell, tamper with, modify, or otherwise misuse, or attempt to reproduce, recreate, distribute, sell, tamper with, modify, or otherwise misuse any portion or all of the Test. You agree that before, during, and after you take the Test, you will not discuss, share, disclose, copy, or misappropriate the Test or any of LSAC’s intellectual property related to the Test (including but not limited to Test questions and Test answer choices), whether orally or in writing, through any means, including in conversations, in emails, in chat rooms, through social media, or through other electronic postings online, and that you will not assist any person or entity in doing so.

You further agree that you will not seek out, solicit, read, study, or use confidential and secure information about the Test (including, but not limited to, information regarding confidential and secure Test questions and answers) before, during, or after testing.

Any reproduction, re-creation, distribution, sale, discussion, sharing, disclosure, copying, or misappropriation of confidential and secure Test material (including, but not limited to, Test questions and Test answers) may result in LSAC pursuing civil and criminal remedies against you, to the fullest extent permitted by law, in addition to pursuing other remedies under this Agreement.

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Photo Submission for Test Registration. 

During the Test registration process, you will be required to submit a photo that satisfies the LSAT Photo Requirements. Your photo may be used for Test security and other identification purposes. If you fail to provide your photo in accordance with the LSAT Photo Requirements, LSAC may cancel your Test registration and you will be subject to LSAC’s Test Date Changes policies. 

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Intended Use Policy. 

You are permitted to take the Test solely for the purpose of being considered for admission to law school (the “Intended Use”). 

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Minimum Age Requirement. 

You must be at least eighteen (18) years of age on the date that you register for the Test (“Minimum Age Requirement”). If you do not satisfy the Minimum Age Requirement, you must contact LSAC to seek an exception to the Minimum Age Requirement. To be considered for an exception to the Minimum Age Requirement, you must demonstrate, to LSAC’s satisfaction, that you will either (a) apply to law school within two (2) years of the date of the applicable Test administration; or (b) be at least eighteen (18) years of age on the date that you take the Test. LSAC may approve or deny any request for an exception to the Minimum Age Requirement submitted by any Candidate, in LSAC’s sole discretion.

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Limitations on Candidates Taking the Test. 

1. Limitations on the Number of Times Candidates May Test: You may take the Test no more than: (a) five (5) times within the current and past five (5) reportable Test score periods; and (b) seven (7) times over the course of your lifetime. In addition, you will not be permitted to retake the Test if you have already attained a Test score of one hundred eighty (180) within the previous five (5) reportable Test score periods and that score is still reportable. Please visit Limits on Repeating the Test for further information.
2. Other Limitations on Candidates Taking the Test: If you are a relative of or employed by any individual employed by LSAC or if you plan to take the Test within twenty-four (24) months of: (a) supervising or remotely proctoring the Test; (b) being employed or engaged by a third-party Test service provider or otherwise tutoring third parties for the Test; (c) being employed or engaged by LSAC to perform obligations that are related to the Test; or (d) serving as a reader or scribe for another Candidate as part of an approved Test accommodation for that Candidate, you must notify LSAC prior to registering for the Test and receive approval from LSAC to register. LSAC will review your request to register and may, in its sole discretion, disallow or allow the registration (potentially subject to the requirement that you register for an alternative Test location and/or date). Any request must be received by LSAC no later than three (3) days prior to the registration deadline for the applicable Test date.

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Test Scheduling Requirement. 

After registering, you must schedule your Test administration on or before the applicable scheduling deadline for your Test administration. If you fail to do so, LSAC will automatically cancel your Test registration, and you will not be entitled to a refund of any Test registration fees.

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Audio/Video Recording Authorization. 

Third-party testing vendors (e.g., testing proctors and testing centers) may capture, collect, store, transfer, and use images, video, and/or audio recordings of you at any time during the Test process (including, but not limited to, your arrival to and departure from a testing center), in order to maintain the security and integrity of the Test and the Test process and/or for other Test-related purposes and as allowed under the LSAC Privacy Notice and/or applicable law. Any such images or audio and/or video recordings may be shared with and/or stored or used by LSAC.

YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE TO HAVING YOUR IMAGES, AUDIO, AND VIDEO RECORDED DURING THE TEST PROCESS (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, YOUR ARRIVAL TO AND DEPARTURE FROM A TESTING CENTER) AND TO THE REVIEW AND USE OF THE IMAGES, AUDIO, AND VISUAL RECORDING BY THIRD-PARTY TESTING STAFF AND/OR BY LSAC AT ANY TIME FOR THE PURPOSE OF PROTECTING TEST SECURITY AND INTEGRITY AND/OR AS OTHERWISE NEEDED FOR TEST-RELATED PURPOSES TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED UNDER THE LSAC PRIVACY NOTICE AND/OR APPLICABLE LAW.

YOU FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT YOU WILL NOT BE ENTITLED TO REVIEW ANY IMAGES, AUDIO, OR VIDEO CAPTURED DURING THE TEST PROCESS. 

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Requirements for Admission to the Test. 

1. Acceptable Identification: Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Agreement, you are required to show acceptable identification prior to being permitted to take the Test, as set forth in the Identification Accepted for LSAC Admission policy. Your identification must sufficiently authenticate your identity to the testing proctor and may be scanned by the testing proctor to verify the validity and authenticity of your identification. By registering for and taking the Test, you consent to such scanning of your identification for purposes of verifying the validity and authenticity of your identification. Under no circumstances will access be permitted to the Test without identification that satisfies LSAC’s identification requirements. LSAC, testing center staff, and/or the testing proctor have exclusive discretion to deny you admission to the Test if your identification does not satisfy LSAC’s identification requirements and/or if your identity cannot be verified, and any such determination shall be final. LSAC’s policies are updated from time to time, and you are required to check LSAC’s policies for any updates to LSAC’s identification requirements before the date of your Test administration. You agree to comply with LSAC’s Identification Accepted for LSAC Admission policy in effect on the date of your Test administration. If you have questions about whether your identification is acceptable, you must contact LSAC at least fourteen (14) days prior to the applicable Test date and be prepared to submit a scanned copy of your identification for review.
2. Photo Before Testing: If you are taking the Test remotely, you will be required to take a photograph of yourself and your identification card prior to the commencement of the Test. If you are taking the Test in a testing center, you may have your photo taken at the testing center on the date of the Test by testing center staff.
3. Reporting Time for Candidates Taking the Test in Testing Centers: You must report to the Test at the testing center and complete the security check-in process no later than the scheduled time for your Test as indicated in your LSAC and/or Prometric account. You may report to the testing center up to thirty (30) minutes prior to your scheduled time for the Test so that you can complete the security check-in process prior to the commencement of the Test. You might not be permitted to take the Test if you have not completed the security check-in process by or before your scheduled time for the Test at the testing center. At its discretion, LSAC may enforce the requirement for you to timely report to the testing center before your scheduled time for the Test.
4. Reporting Time for Candidates Taking the Test Remotely: You must begin and complete the check-in process with your testing proctor for the Test by or before your scheduled time for the Test. You may commence the check-in process with your testing proctor up to thirty (30) minutes prior to your scheduled time for the Test. You may not be permitted to take the Test if you do not complete the check-in process with your testing proctor by or before your scheduled time for the Test.

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Test Locations — For Candidates Taking the Test Remotely. 

1. Candidates in the U.S. or Canada: If you will be taking the Test while physically located in the U.S., the U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Canada, or Puerto Rico, you must register for a Test administration that is available to Candidates in the U.S., Canada, and Puerto Rico. 
2. Candidates Outside the U.S. or Canada: If you will be taking the Test while physically located outside of the U.S., the U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Canada, or Puerto Rico, you must register as an International Test Candidate and must register for a Test administration that is available for International Test Candidates at the location where you will be testing. 
3. Accurate Test Location Information: When you register for the Test, you must provide accurate information about what your geographical location will be at the time you take the Test.

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Test Setting and Equipment Requirements — For Candidates Taking the Test Remotely. 

1. Test Setting Requirements: 
   • The place where you take the Test must be a quiet, enclosed, and private setting that is incapable of being viewed or accessed by other individuals during the Test (e.g., you may not take the Test in a location with glass walls, in a cubicle in a shared office space, in a hotel lobby, or in any other public space).
   • At all times during the Test, the computer that you use for taking the Test must be placed on a desk, table, countertop, or other solid surface.
   • At all times during the Test, you must be seated in a chair so that your eye level is parallel with your computer or external camera view. You must comply with the testing proctor’s instructions regarding your eye level and your camera view. You are not permitted to sit on the floor or on anything other than a chair during the Test. You are not permitted to obstruct, block, or otherwise impair your camera’s view or otherwise disable or hinder your camera’s functionality at any time during the Test.
   • If you are taking the Test in paper format, you are required to keep your Test book and answer sheet flat on the writing surface where you are seated at all times during the Test.
2. Technology Requirements: 
   • You are required to use either a desktop or laptop computer. With the exception of any tablet issued to you by LSAC for purposes of taking the Test, the use of any tablet, Chromebook, or any other mobile device that is not a desktop or laptop computer during the Test is strictly prohibited.
   • If you are using a desktop computer, you are not permitted to use the desktop computer’s internal camera and are required to use an external camera.
   • Any desktop or laptop computer that you use during the Test is required to have a fully operational and active licensed version of the computer’s operating system (either Windows or Mac). Any inactive, unlicensed, or test-mode versions of the computer’s operating system are prohibited and may not be used by you during the Test.

You are not permitted to connect your computer to a VPN, use private or incognito-mode browser settings, or use a hot spot at any time during the Test. You must enable the audio and video functionality on your computer during the Test in accordance with the instructions of the Testing proctor. YOU ARE REQUIRED TO HAVE AUDIO/VIDEO FUNCTIONALITY OPERATING AT ALL TIMES ON YOUR COMPUTER DURING THE TEST.

Please note that at any time during the Test, LSAC and/or testing staff or testing proctors may elect to perform a security scan of you and your Test environment, at their sole discretion, and you agree to cooperate with any such security scan.

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Test Timing. 

The Test consists of four (4) separately timed, thirty-five (35) minute sections. You may not start a section of the Test until the timer for that section begins to operate. During the Test, the official time and time remaining for the applicable section of the Test will be tracked and a five (5) minute warning will display on your computer screen. During the time allotted for each section of the Test, you may work only on that section of the Test. Once time expires for each section of the Test, you must stop working and no additional inputs may be made, all pencils and other writing utensils must be put down, and no more marks or erasures are to be made on any answer sheet, scratch paper, scratch paper booklet, or Test book.

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Intermission During the Test. 

1. Intermission for Candidates Taking the Test in Testing Centers: A single ten (10) minute Intermission is given after the second (2nd) section of the Test (the “Intermission”). With the exception of the three (3) scratch paper booklets, all Test materials, if any, that you use during the Test will be collected before you are dismissed for the Intermission. You must leave the scratch paper booklet on your workspace and may not take the scratch paper booklet outside of the Test room. You may not exit the building or leave the vicinity of the testing center, as defined by the testing proctor and/or testing center staff, during the Intermission (or at any time during the Test). Cellular phones and other prohibited items may not be accessed during the Intermission or at any time during the Test. Food and beverages are permitted only during the Intermission; provided, however, food and beverages are not permitted in the workspace during the Test, Intermission, or otherwise with the exception of water in a clear and entirely transparent container. You are prohibited from consuming food or beverages in the testing center at any time other than during the Intermission. You must keep your identification card with you at all times during the Intermission and you may be required to present your identification card to the testing proctor and/or testing center staff before being permitted to continue taking the Test after you return from the Intermission. YOU ARE STRICTLY PROHIBITED FROM WORKING ON THE TEST OR WRITING IN OR REVIEWING THE SCRATCH PAPER BOOKLET FOR THE TEST DURING THE INTERMISSION.
2. Intermission for Candidates Taking the Test Remotely: A single ten (10) minute Intermission is given after the second (2nd) section of the Test (the “Intermission”). During the Intermission, you will be permitted to leave the range of your camera view. Any scratch paper or other Test-related materials must remain in your workspace and within your camera view during the Intermission. Cellular phones and other prohibited items may not be accessed during the Intermission. YOU ARE STRICTLY PROHIBITED FROM WORKING ON THE TEST OR WRITING IN OR REVIEWING THE SCRATCH PAPER FOR THE TEST DURING THE INTERMISSION.

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Authorized Breaks During the Test. 

If you are approved to receive one or more additional breaks following or during any section(s) of the Test as a disability-related testing accommodation (individually, an “Authorized Break” and, collectively, “Authorized Breaks”), you will be permitted to: (i) leave the range of your camera view during the Authorized Break if you are taking the Test remotely; or (ii) leave your seat if you are taking the Test in a testing center. You are required to notify the testing proctor that you will be taking an Authorized Break prior to taking such Authorized Break and leaving your camera view or seat. You will be required to complete the security check-in process upon returning from the Authorized Break prior to being permitted to continue taking the Test. YOU ARE STRICTLY PROHIBITED FROM WORKING ON THE TEST OR WRITING IN OR REVIEWING THE SCRATCH PAPER OR SCRATCH PAPER BOOKLET FOR THE TEST DURING ANY AUTHORIZED BREAK DURING THE TEST.

Under no circumstances will you be permitted to use more than eight (8) hours to complete the Test in any single testing day regardless of the existence of Authorized Breaks as an accommodation for the Test.

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Unauthorized Breaks During the Test. 

You should use the restroom before the check-in process that is conducted prior to the Test. Any break from the Test that is not the Intermission and is not an Authorized Break is an “Unauthorized Break.” If you make a request to the testing proctor to be outside your camera view (if you are taking the Test remotely) or request to leave your seat (if you are taking the Test in a testing center) during the Test for purposes of using the restroom, you shall be permitted to do so as an Unauthorized Break. You are required to inform the testing proctor that you are taking an Unauthorized Break prior to your taking such break. YOU ARE STRICTLY PROHIBITED FROM WORKING ON THE TEST OR WRITING IN OR REVIEWING THE SCRATCH PAPER OR SCRATCH PAPER BOOKLET FOR THE TEST DURING ANY UNAUTHORIZED BREAK. Any Unauthorized Break will also be subject to the following conditions:

1. An incident report will be filed and sent to LSAC indicating that you took an Unauthorized Break from the Test and your Test will be subject to further review by LSAC. LSAC reserves the right to cancel your Test and/or Test score (without a refund of test registration fees) and/or refer the matter to LSAC’s Subcommittee on Misconduct and Irregularities in the Admission Process as a consequence of your taking an Unauthorized Break. 
2. You will not be permitted to resume taking the Test following the Unauthorized Break unless and until such continuation of the Test is approved by the testing proctor. Prior to being permitted to resume taking the Test following an Unauthorized Break (if allowed), you will need to complete the check-in process.
3. The Test clock will continue to run throughout the time you are taking any Unauthorized Break and any subsequent check-in procedure. If time expires on any section of the Test while you are taking an Unauthorized Break, you will not be able to go back to work in that section of the Test. You will not receive any additional time on any section of the Test due to time lost as a result of taking an Unauthorized Break. 
4. If you take the Test in a testing center, after you complete the check-in process for the Test, you will not be permitted to leave the Test room for any reason until after the start of the first section of the Test.
5. If you take the Test in a testing center, if you are granted permission to use the restroom during the Test, you must go directly to the restroom and must return to the Test room without visiting any other area of the testing center. Unless it is necessary for you to do so due to the location of the restroom, you may not leave the vicinity of the testing center or otherwise exit the building where the Test is being held.

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Candidate Conduct Upon Return from the Intermission or Any Break During the Test. 

Upon your return to the Test workspace following the conclusion of the Intermission, any Authorized Break, or any Unauthorized Break, you will be subject to the following requirements: (a) you must present photo identification to the testing proctor for review and approval, and (b) if you are taking a remotely proctored Test, you will be subject to a full room scan of your workspace by the testing proctor. If you are taking the Test in a testing center, you will be subject to the check-in process before being permitted to resume taking the Test. ANY CANDIDATE WHO IS RETURNING FROM THE INTERMISSION, ANY AUTHORIZED BREAK, OR ANY UNAUTHORIZED BREAK WILL NOT BE PERMITTED TO RESUME TAKING THE TEST FOLLOWING THE INTERMISSION, ANY AUTHORIZED BREAK, OR ANY UNAUTHORIZED BREAK UNLESS AND UNTIL SUCH CONTINUATION IS APPROVED BY THE TESTING PROCTOR.

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Permitted Items. 

The following items shall not be worn by you or used during administration of the Test; provided, however, you may keep such items in the Test room:

1. Permitted Items for Candidates Taking the Test in Testing Centers:
   • In addition to the identification requirements set forth in Sections 4 and 10 of this Agreement, you may bring into the Test any of the Pre-Approved Items listed on the Prometric website.
   • Any items that are not on the list of Pre-Approved Items on the Prometric website must be stored in an assigned locker at the testing center and may be searched as the testing center staff determines appropriate in its sole discretion.
   • LSAC and/or testing center staff may confiscate and retain for a reasonable period any item suspected of having been improperly used or capable of being improperly used during the Test in violation of this Agreement. LSAC may also provide such items to and permit searches of such items by third parties in connection with an investigation conducted by LSAC or others.
   • Neither LSAC nor testing center staff shall be responsible for loss or damage to any items that you bring to the Test or the testing center.
   • The testing center may also have additional procedures that you are required to comply with in order to take the Test, and you agree to comply with any such additional procedures.
   • Food and beverages are not permitted on the workspace during the Test other than water in a clear and entirely transparent container. All other food and beverages must be placed in an assigned locker prior to the commencement of the Test and may only be accessed during the Intermission and/or Authorized Break(s).
   • You will be provided with three (3) scratch paper booklets by the testing proctor prior to the commencement of the Test. The testing proctor will collect the scratch paper booklets at the conclusion of the Test.
2. Permitted Items for Candidates Taking the Test Remotely:
   • You may bring to your workspace for the Test any of the Pre-Approved Items listed on the Prometric website.
   • In addition to the Pre-Approved Items listed on the Prometric website, you may have the following items on your workspace for the Test: (i) six (6) blank sheets of scratch paper (lined, unlined, or graphed and page dimensions no larger than 8.5” x 11”); (ii) a physical, valid government-issued identification; (iii) one or more writing utensils (including but not limited to standard pencils, mechanical pencils, or ink pens); (iv) an eraser (no mechanical erasers or erasers with sleeves); (v) a pencil sharpener; and (vi) soft, non-electronic, non-corded/banded, generic foam ear plugs without any string (which shall be subject to prior inspection and approval by the testing proctor). Each of these items must be shown to the testing proctor during the security check-in process (including both sides of any scratch paper).
   • You cannot use or access any electronic noise-canceling devices and/or other noise-canceling devices other than generic foam ear plugs without any string during the Test.

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Prohibition of Electronic Devices for the Test. 

1. Prohibition of Electronic Devices for Candidates Taking the Test in Testing Centers: LSAC has a no-tolerance policy in regard to possession of electronic devices during the Test. You are not permitted to bring any electronic device into the testing center other than a cellular phone that must be stored in an assigned locker prior to the commencement of the Test and remain stored throughout the Test. You are prohibited from accessing your cellular phone at any time during the Test, including the Intermission, any Authorized Break, or any Unauthorized Break from the Test. YOU ARE STRICTLY PROHIBITED FROM USING OR HAVING IN YOUR POSSESSION ANY ELECTRONIC DEVICE AT ANY TIME DURING THE TEST PROCESS. Electronic devices include, but are not limited to, timers of any kind (digital or nondigital), watches of any kind (digital or nondigital), electronic cigarettes, fitness-tracking devices, beepers, pagers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), calculators, photographic or recording devices, listening devices, headsets, iPods or other media players, cellular phones, electronic tablets, and personal computers. Prohibited use includes use of your cellular phone as a diabetic meter, glucometer, or for any other medical reason at any time during the Test, unless you have been specifically granted an accommodation to use your cellular phone for such purpose, as specified in your Accommodation Letter.

   LSAC will strictly enforce this policy from the time you arrive at the testing center until you leave the testing center at the conclusion of the Test (including during the Intermission, any Authorized Break, or any Unauthorized Break from the Test).

2. Prohibition of Electronic Devices for Candidates Taking the Test Remotely: LSAC’s no-tolerance policy in regard to possession of electronic devices during the Test also applies if you take the Test remotely. The only allowable use of an electronic device while taking the Test remotely is the use of your cellular phone to communicate with LSAC or Prometric in the unlikely event that you incur an issue during the Test that requires you to call LSAC and/or Prometric. If you must use your cellular phone to communicate with LSAC or Prometric during the Test, this use must be in clear view of the camera that you are using for the Test. ANY OTHER USE OF YOUR CELLULAR PHONE DURING THE TEST (INCLUDING THE INTERMISSION, ANY AUTHORIZED BREAK, OR ANY UNAUTHORIZED BREAK FROM THE TEST) IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. Prohibited use includes the use of your cellular phone as a diabetic meter, glucometer, or for any other medical reason at any time during the Test, unless you have been specifically granted an accommodation to use your cellular phone for such purpose, as specified in your Accommodation Letter.

   You must keep your cellular phone in the Test room; provided, however, your cellular phone must be (a) powered down and (b) face down, out of arm’s reach, and at a distance and location where it is unable to capture any images on your computer screen.

   You are prohibited from possessing or otherwise using any other electronic devices during the Test (including the Intermission and any Authorized or Unauthorized Breaks). Electronic devices include, but are not limited to: timers of any kind (digital or nondigital), watches of any kind (digital or nondigital), electronic cigarettes, fitness-tracking devices, beepers, pagers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), calculators, photographic or recording devices, listening devices, headsets, iPods or other media players, cellular phones (other than as expressly provided above), and any personal computer other than the computer you are using to take the Test. Tablets, laptops, desktops, additional monitors, and any other personal computers that are not being used by you to take the Test are not permitted and are expressly prohibited from being in the Test room. LSAC will enforce this policy from the time you complete the security check-in process for your Test until the time that the testing proctor announces the conclusion of your Test session.

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Other Prohibited Items. 

1. Other Prohibited Items for Candidates Taking the Test in Testing Centers: The following items shall not be worn by you or brought by you into the testing center:

   • Any book, dictionary, paper (of any kind), tissues, writing utensils, briefcases, handbags, backpacks of any kind, non-foam earplugs, or foam earplugs with a string;
   • Head coverings of any kind (e.g., hats, hoods, bonnets, durags, scarves, etc.), except for head coverings that LSAC or testing center staff determines are a part of your religious apparel;
   • Sunglasses or any other form of eyewear or eye covering that is not fully transparent or otherwise limits or prevents the testing center staff’s ability to see or observe your eyes during the Test;
   • Headphones, any devices with two-way communication functionality, or any other listening or noise-canceling device(s) that can be placed in or on your ears (other than hearing aids that are used by test takers with hearing impairments); and/or
   • Weapons or firearms of any kind. Any possession of weapons or firearms is grounds for immediate dismissal and shall be reported by testing center staff to LSAC for investigation.

   Any prohibited item brought by you into the testing center is subject to confiscation by testing center staff.

2. Other Prohibited Items for Candidates Taking the Test Remotely: The following items shall not be worn or used by you during administration of the Test; provided, however, you may keep such items in the Test room:

   • Any book, dictionary, tissues, briefcases, handbags, backpacks of any kind, non-foam earplugs, or foam earplugs with a string;

   • Head coverings of any kind (e.g., hats, hoods, bonnets, durags, scarves, etc.), except for head coverings that LSAC or the testing proctor determines are a part of your religious apparel;

   • Sunglasses or any other form of nonmedical eyewear or eye covering that is not fully transparent or otherwise limits or prevents the testing center staff’s ability to see or observe your eyes during the Test; and/or

   • Headphones or any other nonmedical listening or noise-canceling device(s) that can be placed in or on your ears (other than hearing aids that are used by test takers with hearing impairments).

   For all Candidates, any items that are not specifically permitted under this Section 20 are prohibited and may not be accessed or otherwise used by you during the Test.

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Unauthorized Entry in Test Room — For Candidates Taking the Test Remotely. 

It is a violation of this Agreement if another person enters your room during the Test. If someone else enters your room during the Test, you must ask them to leave the room immediately. If this situation arises, the testing proctor will determine, in the testing proctor’s discretion, if and when you will be permitted to continue taking the Test. You will not be entitled to any additional Test time as the result of any disruption caused by another person entering the room during the Test. Entry of any person into the room during the Test will also result in your Test being flagged by the testing proctor for further review and possible action by LSAC.

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End-of-Test Requirements. 

1. End-of-Test Requirements for Candidates Taking the Test in Testing Centers: Following completion of the Test, you must return all of your scratch paper booklets to the testing proctor or testing center staff and must not discard any scratch paper booklet. You may not leave the Test room until all Test materials have been collected and accounted for by the testing proctor and/or testing center staff and the testing proctor and/or testing center staff instruct you to leave.
2. End-of-Test Requirements for Candidates Taking the Test Remotely: Following completion of the Test, you will be asked to destroy any scratch paper that you used during the Test in clear view of your computer’s camera so that such destruction is acknowledged by your testing proctor. You may not leave your testing area or camera range until the testing proctor instructs you to do so.

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Decision Not to Complete the Test Due to Illness or Otherwise. 

If you become ill during the Test or for any other reason, you may decide not to complete the Test. If you are taking the Test remotely, you must inform the testing proctor of your decision not to complete the Test due to illness or for any other reason. If you are taking the Test in a testing center, you must notify the testing proctor that you are not able to complete the Test and ensure that all of your Test materials are collected before you leave the Test room. If you leave the Test due to illness or for any other reason and do not complete the Test, you will not be permitted to resume taking the Test for any reason and your Test registration fees will not be refunded by LSAC. Your Test score will not be automatically canceled if you decide to leave the Test early and not complete the Test due to illness or for any other reason. In order to voluntarily cancel your Test score, you must cancel your Test score in accordance with Section 24 of this Agreement. Your Test may be flagged for further review if you do not complete the Test, and further action may be taken by LSAC in response consistent with the terms of this Agreement.

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Test Score Cancellation. 

Beginning at midnight (12:00 a.m.) ET on the calendar day following the day of your Test administration and continuing for a period of five (5) calendar days thereafter, you may elect to cancel your Test score. The Test score cancellation option will expire at 11:59:59 p.m. ET on the sixth (6th) calendar day following the day of your Test administration. After this time, you will not be permitted to cancel your Test score unless you have purchased LSAC’s LSAT Score Preview or have access to LSAT Score Preview through a fee waiver. Cancellation of your Test score through LSAT Score Preview will be subject to the terms and conditions listed on the LSAT Score Preview webpage. Instructions for canceling Test scores, with and without LSAT Score Preview, are available at LSAT Score Cancellations. Test score cancellation requests are irreversible and cannot be rescinded by you at any time after you submit your Test score cancellation request. Except for timely cancellation requests properly made via your JD account, live chat with LSAC, phone, or email that are explicitly recognized and allowed by LSAC in writing, LSAC will not honor or accept any Test score cancellation requests that are not submitted in accordance with the terms set forth in this Section 24.

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Delivery of the Candidate's Test Scores. 

Candidates with reportable scores will receive an email notification indicating that you may view your Test score in your online LSAC JD Account. Your Test score and percentile will also be available in your online LSAC JD Account. Posting of your Test score and percentile may be delayed or withheld due to various circumstances, including but not limited to, Test Security Investigations, file holds, or late receipt of Test materials.

If you take a nondisclosed Test and have a reportable score, you will receive only your Test score following the Test. You will not receive Test disclosure information, such as a copy of the Test questions, a list of the correct Test responses, a copy of your Test answer sheet, or the score conversion table for your Test. For further information, please visit Disclosed and Nondisclosed LSATs.

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Prohibited Behavior — All Candidates. 

Along with other conduct explicitly prohibited under other sections of this Agreement, you agree not to engage in any of the following behavior in connection with taking the Test (collectively, “Prohibited Behavior”):

• Filling in or altering responses to any multiple-choice questions or continuing to write after time has been called for the Test or during the Intermission, any Authorized Break, or any Unauthorized Break from the Test. This includes making any changes to a Test section, even to fix a stray mark or accidental keystroke;
• Reviewing or otherwise looking at a Test section on which time has already been called;
• Moving ahead in the Test to a section that is not yet authorized for you;
• Looking at or requesting another person’s Test or answers to the Test questions at any time;
• Giving, receiving, or requesting assistance by any means during the Test;
• Discussing or sharing Test questions, Test answer choices, Test responses, or Test form identification numbers at any time, including before the Test; during the Test administration, the Intermission, any Authorized Break, or any Unauthorized Break; or after the Test;
• Recording, capturing, copying, or memorizing any Test-related information or Test materials, including any Test questions, Test answer choices, answer sheets, scratch paper, or notes;
• Removing or attempting to remove any Test-related information or Test materials, including any Test questions, Test answer choices, answer sheets, Test books, scratch paper, or notes;
• Reproducing, or disclosing by any means (e.g., in hardcopy format, verbally, electronically, etc.) any Test-related information or Test materials, including any Test questions, Test answer choices, answer sheets, Test books, scratch paper, or notes;
• Disclosing any other confidential Test information in any way, including but not limited to disclosures in oral communications or through or social media;
• Discussing, sharing, recording, capturing, memorizing, removing, attempting to remove, reproducing, and/or disclosing in any way the LSAT Argumentative Writing sample, any response to the LSAT Argumentative Writing sample, and/or the LSAT Argumentative Writing Response Sheet;
• Using notes, books, dictionaries, or any other item that may aid or otherwise assist you during the Test;
• Not following instructions or abiding by the rules of LSAC, the testing center staff, or the testing proctor;
• Exhibiting inappropriate, confrontational, threatening, or unruly behavior, including using profanity or communicating in an abusive or aggressive manner with LSAC or the testing proctor or testing center staff at any time before, during, or after the Test;
• Violating any laws, statutes, or regulations. If LSAC suspects you have engaged in criminal activities in connection with a Test, such activities may be reported to law enforcement agencies;
• Smoking and/or vaping at any time during the Test process;
• Sleeping or being observed with your eyes closed for an unusual period of time, including during any Authorized Break or Unauthorized Break. This prohibition applies to any Candidate taking the Test, including any Candidate who is approved for a testing accommodation by LSAC;
• Reading and/or speaking aloud; and
• Leaving the vicinity of the Test room during the Test session, except for during the Intermission, any Authorized Break, or any Unauthorized Break from the Test that is acknowledged by testing center staff and/or the testing proctor

1. Additional Prohibited Behavior for Candidates Taking the Test in Testing Centers:
   • Using any alarm and/or any personal item that makes noise or otherwise emits a sound while you are at the testing center;
   • Using or causing any other sound or disturbance that interrupts, disturbs, or otherwise distracts other Test candidates or other individuals situated at the testing center location;
   • Contacting any testing center staff or accessing or attempting to access any room at the testing center prior to the Test; and
   • Exiting the building prior to the end of the Test, unless otherwise directed to do so by testing center staff. 
2. Additional Prohibited Behaviors for Candidates Taking the Test Remotely:
   • Leaving your seat and/or allowing your face to leave the view of your camera except during the Intermission, any Authorized Break or any acknowledged Unauthorized Break from the Test (subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement);
   • Obstructing, blocking, or otherwise impairing your computer’s camera view or disabling or hindering your computer’s camera or audio functionality at any time during the Test;
   • Unless explicitly permitted by LSAC, operating or running any software applications (other than the Test software application) or browser extensions during the Test;
   • Connecting or disconnecting any cord or other equipment to your computer, including but not limited to any external storage device, during the Test; and
   • Copying, saving, or attempting to copy or save any Test material or written notes on your computer or otherwise before, during, or after the Test.

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Prohibited Behavior Suspected or Observed During the Test Process. 

1. Prohibited Behavior Suspected or Observed During the Test Process for Candidates Taking the Test in Testing Centers: LSAC staff and/or testing center staff will monitor you during your Test. If you are observed or suspected of engaging in any Prohibited Behavior, LSAC staff and/or testing center staff may discontinue your Test administration and/or log their observations on an irregularity report for submission to LSAC. LSAC staff and/or testing center staff are not required to give you any notice or warning before taking any such action.

2. Prohibited Behavior Suspected or Observed During the Test Process for Candidates Taking the Test Remotely: The testing proctor will monitor and/or record you during your Test via your computer’s external camera. If you are observed or suspected of engaging in any Prohibited Behavior, the testing proctor may discontinue your Test administration and/or log their observations on an irregularity report for submission to LSAC. The testing proctor is not required to give you any notice or warning before taking any such action. 

For all Candidates, LSAC reviews Test irregularity reports and may take action at any time in its sole discretion as a result of observed or suspected Prohibited Behavior during the Test process, including not scoring your Test or canceling a previously reported Test score. 

If you witness or suspect any Prohibited Behavior or other Test security violation before, during, or after the Test, please email LSAC at TestSecurity@LSAC.org.

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Test Security Investigations; Score Validity. 

In addition to responding to instances of observed or suspected prohibited behavior witnessed or reported by testing center staff and/or testing proctors, and as part of its efforts to protect the fairness of the Test and the integrity of Test scores, LSAC may conduct investigations relating to the validity of Test scores and/or the security of its Test materials and the Test process (collectively, “Test Security Investigation”). You agree to cooperate with any Test Security Investigation. LSAC may withhold and not report any Test score pending the outcome of any Test Security Investigation.

In certain instances, a Test Security Investigation may produce evidence that calls into question the validity of a group of scores (e.g., all scores achieved by a group of Candidates from a testing center on a specific Test date) and may result in LSAC taking action with respect to such group of Candidates, as referenced in Section 31 of this Agreement.

In other instances, a Test Security Investigation may produce evidence that calls into question the validity of specific Test scores and may cause LSAC to initiate a review of the validity of your Test score. LSAC reserves the right to cancel your Test scores if it reasonably believes based on substantial evidence that the scores are invalid.

You understand and agree that LSAC may investigate, place a hold on, and/or cancel your Test score at any time after you take the Test, including after your Test score has been initially deemed valid and reported to third parties, including law schools. You also understand and agree that LSAC may seek information from third parties related to a Test Security Investigation and that LSAC may release confidential information regarding any pending or completed Test Security Investigation to third-party recipients of your Test score, including law schools. If your Test score is canceled at any time as the result of a Test Security Investigation, you understand and agree that LSAC may notify third-party score recipients of the score cancellation and the reason for the score cancellation.

Test Security Investigations may also lead to a referral to LSAC’s Subcommittee on Misconduct and Irregularities in the Admission Process and/or to restrictions or limitations in your ability to take the Test in the future, including but not limited to limitations on the modality in which you test. In the interest of protecting test security, LSAC may also restrict or limit your ability to take the Test while a Test Security Investigation is ongoing.

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Other Actions That May Be Taken in Response to Prohibited Behavior and/or Test Security Investigations. 

In response to observed or suspected Prohibited Behavior and/or a Test Security Investigation, LSAC may, in its sole discretion, decide that additional steps are appropriate. 

1. Disclosure of Investigative Information: LSAC reserves the right to disclose details of any Prohibited Behavior (observed or suspected) or any Test Security Investigation to anyone who may be able to assist LSAC in its investigation or response or who may have an interest in their own independent investigation or response. This includes, but is not limited to, law enforcement, law schools, score recipients, and any third party assisting LSAC in the investigation. These disclosure rights aid in protecting the integrity and fairness of the Test process and benefit Candidates and Test score recipients who properly obtain their Test scores. You consent to these disclosures and you release LSAC from any and all liability for making such disclosures. LSAC may disclose the evidence on which any finding is based (including but not limited to any audio and/or video recordings of the Test) to any law school that receives your Test scores.
2. Disclosure of Prohibited Behavior: If you are found by LSAC to have engaged in any act that is prohibited under this Agreement, LSAC may disclose such conduct to any law school that receives your Test score(s) and to any third party with a legitimate reason for knowing that information.

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Prohibitions on Testing or Limitations on Testing Modality. 

LSAC may prohibit you from taking the Test and/or limit your testing modality (even if you have registered to take the Test and/or chosen a different testing modality), if LSAC, in its sole discretion, has reason to believe that you:

• Have violated or intend to violate the Intended Use Policy;
• Have engaged in any Prohibited Behavior or otherwise violated the terms and conditions of this Agreement in connection with a prior or future administration of the Test;
• Intend to engage in any Prohibited Behavior or otherwise violate the terms and conditions of this Agreement in the future;
• Have provided false or misleading information to LSAC or any third party related to the taking of the Test;
• Are an LSAC employee or relative of an LSAC employee, or are working for or on behalf of LSAC as a third-party vendor, and have not received explicit approval from LSAC to take the Test;
• Are working on behalf of any Test-preparation provider(s) or are otherwise providing Test-preparation services on behalf of third parties; 
• Are using any LSAC employee, individual engaged by LSAC, or any Test-preparation service provider or employee as a reader or scribe as part of an approved Test accommodation; or
• Are engaging or have otherwise engaged in any behavior that may threaten or has threatened the integrity of the Test.

If LSAC determines that you are not taking the Test for the Intended Use, LSAC will send you a written communication indicating that you are suspected of violating LSAC’s Intended Use Policy along with the consequences for any violation of the Intended Use Policy. You shall have five (5) business days from the date that LSAC sends written notice of the violation of the Intended Use Policy to you to provide a detailed explanation for your conduct. Such explanation must include an explanation as to why your conduct is not a violation of LSAC’s Intended Use Policy. Following LSAC’s receipt of your explanation, LSAC will submit your explanation to LSAC’s Office of Test Security for review. Within five (5) business days of LSAC’s receipt of your explanation, LSAC’s Office of Test Security will issue its finding as to whether your conduct resulted in a violation of LSAC’s Intended Use Policy. Any and all determinations issued by LSAC’s Office of Test Security shall be final and shall not be subject to any further appeal by you. If you do not submit a detailed explanation of your conduct that includes an explanation as to why your conduct should not be deemed a violation of LSAC’s Intended Use Policy within five (5) business days of the date that LSAC sends notice of the suspected violation of the Intended Use Policy to you, then your violation of LSAC’s Intended Use Policy shall be deemed established, and will be final and unappealable.

LSAC may also take action in response to any known or suspected violation of the Intended Use Policy during or after the time you test. 

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Compromises in the Registration, Testing, Test Scoring, or Test Score Reporting Processes; Group Irregularities. 

LSAC takes significant steps that are intended to provide you a fair, standardized Test process. However, in some cases, circumstances may prevent this process from occurring as designed. Such circumstances may include, but shall not be limited to, the following:

• Deviations from standard testing procedures such as events that cause the Test to be canceled or interrupted, or that cause a mistiming on any part of the Test;
• Errors, delays, or other nonstandard circumstances in (a) processing Test registrations; (b) administering the Test; (c) preparing, handling, shipping, processing, or scoring the Test; or (d) reporting Test scores;
• Circumstances that raise concerns about the possibility that one or more Prohibited Behaviors occurred during the Test and may have affected a group of Candidates or that raise concerns about the validity of a group of Candidates’ Test scores. Such circumstances include, but are not limited to, evidence of advance access to Test content or inappropriate conduct during any Test administration; or
• Any other events that disrupt or compromise any part of the Test process (e.g., registration, Test distribution, testing, Test scoring, and Test score reporting).

In the event any such circumstance occurs, LSAC will review the situation and determine whether it needs to take any action, including but not limited to not scoring the Test or canceling Test scores for that administration of the Test. LSAC may review any Test administration or Test scores for such circumstances as long as the Test scores are reportable to law schools and for at least a period of five (5) years following the date of the Test administration. If LSAC determines that it needs to take action, LSAC may, in its sole discretion: (a) correct the error (if an error occurred and LSAC believes correction is feasible); (b) not score the Test or cancel the Test or Test score and offer each affected Candidate the option to retake the Test at no additional fee; or (c) not score the Test or cancel the Test or Test score and offer a refund to each affected Candidate.

The remedies listed in this Section 31 are the exclusive remedies available to Candidates for the circumstances described in this Section 31.

Decisions made by LSAC pursuant to this Section 31 are final and are not subject to any appeal. If LSAC offers the option to retake the Test and you select that option, you must take the retest in its entirety, and not in part, to produce a reportable Test score.

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Test Complaints and Feedback. 

If you experience any issues during testing and would like LSAC to review the issues and potentially take action in response, you must submit either an official Test complaint or Test feedback to LSAC pursuant to the instructions provided at LSAT Test Day Complaints and Feedback. LSAC reserves the right to address any reported issues pursuant to Sections 26 and 27, above, or through the procedures addressed below.

1. Official Complaint: LSAC will review the issues identified in any timely filed official complaint submitted in accordance with the procedures described in this section. In order for your complaint to be reviewed by LSAC, your complaint must be entered into your online LSAC JD Account within two (2) calendar days of the date of your applicable Test administration starting from the calendar day after your Test administration. Please note that LSAC may require additional information from you in order to provide a response to your complaint. During any review of an official complaint, LSAC may place a hold on your file pending the results of its review. This hold on your account may result in a delay in the reporting of your Test score and a delay in the issuance of your CAS Reports. 

2. Result of Investigation of Official Complaint: At the time you submit an official Test complaint, you will be asked whether, as a result of the issues reported in your complaint, you would prefer to: (1) keep your Test score; (2) cancel your Test score and, if eligible, register for the next available LSAT administration; or (3) if available, retest on a makeup date during the current LSAT administration.

   If LSAC’s review confirms that your complaint is valid and does not raise issues of Prohibited Behavior, your remedy will be provided in accordance with the remedies provided in this Agreement, or, in LSAC’s sole discretion, will be processed based on the preference that you provided to LSAC at the time you submitted your complaint and in light of the available options.

   • If you elected to keep your Test score, your Test score will be released and LSAC will use the information you provided as feedback to improve LSAC’s services.
   • If you elected to cancel your Test score and register for a later test administration, LSAC will cancel your Test score and register you for one (1) Test administration per the preferences you provide when submitting your complaint; provided, that, you will be selected for a Test administration within the available Test administrations in the annual Test cycle if you are otherwise eligible to take the Test in compliance with Limits on Repeating the Test.
   • If you elected the option to retake the Test within the same Test administration and this option remains available at the time of LSAC’s decision, you will be provided with scheduling instructions so that you can retest during the same Test administration. The Test that was the subject of your official complaint will not be scored, and the score you receive on the makeup test will be reported as your official score from that Test administration.

   If LSAC’s investigation does not confirm that your complaint is valid, you will be provided the following options:

   • Keep your Test score, in which event any hold on your score will be removed and your score will be released; or
   • Cancel your Test score, which will be reported as a “Candidate Cancel.” You will not be entitled to any waiver of registration fees on a later test. To elect this option, you must elect to cancel your score within the timeframe provided in the results of LSAC’s investigation. If you do not timely elect this option, your Test score will be released and you will have no opportunity to cancel the score in the future.

   Subject to Section 34 below, the remedies described above are the final and exclusive remedies available to Candidates who submit official Test complaints and whose complaints are not addressed pursuant to Sections 26 through 31, above. Notwithstanding any provision in this Section 32, however, LSAC reserves the right not to report Test scores and/or to take other actions in accordance with this Agreement if you violated any terms in this Agreement with respect to the Test at issue in your complaint and/or are subject to a Test Security Investigation with respect to the Test at issue in your complaint.
   
   If LSAC does not respond to your complaint within fourteen (14) business days after the date that you submit your complaint to LSAC, you should contact LSAC regarding the status of your complaint.

3. Procedure for Submitting Feedback: If you want to submit feedback rather than an official Test complaint, you must indicate that you would like LSAC to address your issue as “feedback” rather than a “complaint” in your online submission. Your indication that the communication is to be regarded as “feedback” rather than a “complaint” is necessary to prevent the placement of a hold on your LSAC file. If you submit feedback, LSAC will use the information you provide to help improve the Test experience going forward.

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Disability-Related Testing Accommodations. 

Some of the terms and conditions set forth or referenced in this Agreement may be modified for you if you are approved to receive disability-related testing accommodations for the Test as described in the LSAC Policy on Accommodations for Test Takers with Disabilities. Any such modifications are limited to the Test accommodations for which you are specifically approved and that are listed in your Accommodation Letter and provided to you via your online LSAC JD Account. Other than as expressly provided herein, nothing in this Section 33 shall impact, sever, waive, or otherwise limit any terms or conditions in this Agreement.

If you are approved to have a scribe and/or reader as a Test accommodation, the scribe or reader cannot be employed or engaged by any Test preparation provider and cannot have previously taken the Test during the ten (10) year period immediately preceding the applicable Test administration or intend to take the Test in the next ten (10) years. If the scribe or reader has previously taken or intends to take the Test during this restricted period, you must notify LSAC prior to taking the Test to seek a waiver of this prohibition. LSAC will determine whether to issue a waiver to this prohibition in its sole discretion.

If you have any questions about using assistive technology for the Test or need assistance with any product or service during the Test, please contact LSAC’s Customer Relationships team via telephone at 1.800.336.3982 or via email at LSACinfo@lsac.org no later than the registration deadline for the Test. Since some technological issues require additional efforts to explain or remediate, you are strongly encouraged to raise any questions as early as possible and in accordance with the registration deadline for your applicable Test administration.

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LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND DAMAGES. 

TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, LSAC’S TOTAL LIABILITY TO YOU, OR ANYONE CLAIMING BY OR THROUGH YOU OR ON YOUR BEHALF, FOR ANY CLAIMS, LOSSES, COSTS, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF, RESULTING FROM, OR IN ANY WAY RELATED TO THE TEST, FROM ANY CAUSE, SHALL NOT EXCEED THE TEST REGISTRATION FEES YOU PAID TO LSAC, OR $248, WHICHEVER AMOUNT SHALL BE GREATER. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL LSAC BE LIABLE TO YOU, OR ANYONE CLAIMING BY OR THROUGH YOU OR ON YOUR BEHALF, FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECULATIVE, INCIDENTAL (INCLUDING ANY DAMAGES INCURRED DUE TO A LOSS OF OPPORTUNITY, INCOME, OR PROFITS; LOSS OF INFORMATION; BUSINESS INTERRUPTION; TRAVEL AND LODGING EXPENSES; TEST-PREPARATION COURSE FEES; OR THE LIKE, REGARDLESS OF WHETHER OR HOW THESE ARE CLASSIFIED AS DAMAGES), EXEMPLARY, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, OR FOR ATTORNEYS’ FEES, EXPENSES, EXPERT WITNESS FEES, OR COSTS, WHETHER ARISING OUT OF BREACH OF CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), STRICT LIABILITY, PRODUCT LIABILITY, OR OTHERWISE AND REGARDLESS OF WHETHER SUCH LOSS OR DAMAGE WAS FORESEEABLE OR YOU HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSS OR DAMAGE.

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LSAC’s Intellectual Property Rights. 

All Tests, Test-related documents and materials, and Test-preparation materials are copyrighted works owned by LSAC and protected by the laws of the United States of America and other countries.

Secure Tests and Test questions (e.g., Tests and Test questions that are not made available by LSAC to the general public) may not be copied, shared, discussed, or disclosed at any time or in any manner whatsoever.

Test-related materials that LSAC has made available to the general public, such as materials designated by LSAC as practice or sample Tests, may not be copied, duplicated, or used in any other works, in whole or in part, without the prior written approval of LSAC.

If you are approved to take the Test in a paper format as a Test accommodation, you must return any Test materials that are provided to you by LSAC within forty-eight (48) hours of the date of your Test administration. If you fail to return any such Test materials within this 48-hour time period, LSAC reserves the right to: (a) not to report your Test score for that Test administration; (b) cancel any future Test registrations; (c) refer the matter for a Test Security Investigation and/or to LSAC’s Subcommittee on Misconduct and Irregularities in the Admission Process; and/or (d) engage the appropriate law enforcement agencies to secure the return of LSAC’s intellectual property and physical property. Under no circumstances will you be entitled to any refund of the Test registration fees paid to LSAC if you fail to comply with the terms and conditions of this Section 35.

1. Liquidated Damages for Violation of LSAC’s Intellectual Property Rights: ANY COPYING, SHARING, MISAPPROPRIATION, DISCUSSING, OR DISCLOSING OF LSAC’S TEST, TEST QUESTIONS, OR TEST-RELATED DOCUMENTS AND MATERIALS IS A DIRECT VIOLATION OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT. BY ENTERING INTO THIS AGREEMENT, YOU HEREBY AGREE THAT IN THE EVENT OF ANY SUCH VIOLATION ON YOUR PART, YOU WILL BE LIABLE TO LSAC FOR LIQUIDATED DAMAGES IN THE AMOUNT OF FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS ($500,000). YOU EXPRESSLY AGREE THAT THE LIQUIDATED DAMAGES PAYABLE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT DO NOT CONSTITUTE A PENALTY AND YOU AGREE THAT THE AMOUNT OF SUCH LIQUIDATED DAMAGES IS REASONABLE IN LIGHT OF THE ANTICIPATED HARM CAUSED BY THE BREACH RELATED THERETO AND THE DIFFICULTIES OF PROOF OF LOSS AND INCONVENIENCE OR NON-FEASIBILITY OF OBTAINING ANY ADEQUATE REMEDY. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, IN ADDITION TO ANY LIQUIDATED DAMAGES AWARDED TO LSAC UNDER THIS PROVISION, LSAC MAY PURSUE INJUNCTIVE RELIEF IN A COURT OF LAW FOR ANY SUCH VIOLATION OF ITS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND REFER SUCH VIOLATION TO LAW ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITIES AS SET FORTH IN SECTION 35(B) OF THIS AGREEMENT.
2. Additional Consequences for Violation of LSAC’s Intellectual Property Rights: LSAC may pursue all available civil and criminal remedies if its intellectual property rights are violated, including but not limited to seeking damages and injunctive relief in a court of law and referring such violations to law enforcement authorities for criminal prosecution. LSAC reserves the right to pursue all suitable courses of action to prevent fraudulent or unauthorized use, disclosure, copying, misappropriation, or sharing of its property and to prevent the compromise of secure Test materials.
3. LSAC Ownership of Test Materials: LSAC retains complete ownership rights to the Test and all Test materials, including Test answers. LSAC owns all answers and answer documents you submit, including all written responses, as well as all Test score-related data maintained by LSAC. The Test score (including the accompanying percentile rank) that LSAC provides you may not be altered, and, if LSAC cancels your Test score, you may not provide such Test score to any third party.

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LSAC Policies. 

All LSAC policies referenced in this Agreement, and other policies and rules applicable to the registration for and administration of the Test, are available for your review at LSAC Policies. These LSAC policies, including but not limited to the LSAC Privacy Notice, are incorporated by reference into and made a part of this Agreement. In the event there is any inconsistency between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of any applicable LSAC policy posted on the LSAC website, the terms of the applicable policy control.

LSAC’s policies are periodically updated and subject to change at any time up to 14 calendar days before the first day of any Test administration period. You have an obligation to read the policies in effect at the time you test before you take the Test. If you do not agree with the applicable policies that are then in effect, you must notify LSAC prior to the Test of your intent to cancel your registration pursuant to this provision. In its sole discretion, LSAC may elect to provide a refund in the event of such Test cancellation. Any questions should be directed to LSAC’s Customer Relationships team via email at LSACinfo@LSAC.org or via phone at 1.800.336.3982 in advance of the applicable Test date. Notification of your intent to cancel your registration pursuant to this provision should likewise be directed to LSAC’s Customer Relationships team.

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Ongoing Duty. 

You certify that all the information and materials submitted by you to LSAC (including through your self-managed online LSAC JD Account) and to any third party for purposes of taking the Test are complete and accurate. You understand that you are responsible for the completeness and accuracy of all the biographical information contained in your online LSAC JD Account.

Your online LSAC JD Account provides a great deal of information about your activity with LSAC and with the law schools to which you apply. It is your responsibility to actively manage your account to ensure that all relevant information is received, that all information is current and correct, and that all deadlines are met by you. Your failure to provide accurate and consistent information could prevent you from taking the Test or could result in errors, processing delays, cancellation of your Test or Test score, Test Security Investigation, and/or referral to LSAC’s Subcommittee on Misconduct and Irregularities in the Admission Process. Should LSAC become aware of a discrepancy in your biographical data, you will be notified in writing and asked to respond. A reporting hold may be placed on your file until the matter is resolved. This hold will prevent your Test score from being released and will prevent CAS Reports from being sent to any law schools to which you apply.

If you need to make any changes to your biographical information, including your legal first name, legal last name, or date of birth, you must submit such changes through your online LSAC JD Account. For verification purposes, all requests for changes to your date of birth must also include supporting documentation. Requests for changes received without the required supporting documentation will not be processed.

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Governing Law; Venue. 

This Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, USA, without giving effect to choice of law principles, and shall not be governed by the United Nations Convention for International Sales of Goods, the application of which is expressly excluded. Exclusive jurisdiction for any dispute, controversy, or claim arising out of or in any way related to this Agreement shall be only in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania or in state court located in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. You and LSAC hereby consent to venue in these courts and the exercise of personal jurisdiction by such courts in any such action.

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Retention of Rights. 

Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement, LSAC retains the right to pursue any and all relief and remedies available at law and/or in equity in response to any violation by you of any term in this Agreement.

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Severability. 

If any provision or part of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable, the remaining provisions will nevertheless continue in full force without being impaired or invalidated in any way; and, to the greatest extent possible, the invalid, illegal, or unenforceable provision shall be modified so that it is valid, legal, enforceable and, to the fullest extent possible, reflects the intention of the parties.

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No Third-Party Beneficiary. 

This Agreement does not create a third-party beneficiary relationship between LSAC and any individual or entity other than you.

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No Agency. 

LSAC collects, stores, and distributes information about you and transmits it to law schools in accordance with LSAC’s policies. LSAC also provides you with information about law schools. LSAC’s role in the collection, storage, and transmission of information does not mean that LSAC is your agent or an agent of any law school. LSAC has no authority to alter or waive any requirement of any law school. Any disputes between you and a law school must be resolved directly between you and the applicable law school.

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Certifying Statement for Test Candidates. 

You will be required to acknowledge and agree to the Certifying Statement before taking the Test. By agreeing to the Certifying Statement, you are agreeing that it is your name that appears on your online LSAC Account and/or your paper Test materials; that you are taking the Test for the sole purpose of admission to law school; that you will not assist any other Candidate; that you will not receive any assistance from any other Candidate or any other individual or entity; that you will not use any notes, manuals, or other aids whatsoever during the Test; and that you will not copy or retain Test questions or transmit them in any form to any other person. Failure to agree to the terms of the Certifying Statement, or any modification or revision of the Certifying Statement in any way, may result in your inability to take the Test, a hold being placed on your LSAC Account, cancellation of your Test, cancellation of your Test score, a delay in the reporting of your Test score, and/or restrictions or limitations on your access to the Test in the future.

1. Additional Information for Certifying Statement for Candidates Taking the Test in Testing Centers: You will be required to acknowledge and agree to the Certifying Statement by checking the box “I Agree” on your LawHub account (if you are taking the Test via computer) or by agreeing to and signing the Certifying Statement on your LSAT Candidate Information Sheet (if you are taking the Test in paper format). As part of the Certifying Statement, you must certify that you are not taking a cellular phone or other prohibited items into the testing center except in accordance with the terms set forth in Section 19(a) of this Agreement. 
2. Additional Information for Certifying Statement for Candidates Taking the Test Remotely: Prior to taking the Test, you must follow the instructions provided by LSAC and/or the testing proctor for acknowledging and agreeing to the Certifying Statement. These instructions may include reading the Certifying Statement aloud to the testing proctor, checking a box to indicate that you acknowledge and agree to the Certifying Statement, agreeing to and signing the Certifying Statement, or acknowledging and agreeing to the Certifying Statement via other methods. As part of the Certifying Statement, you certify that you will not possess or otherwise use any prohibited items during the Test.

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Notice by Email. 

By entering into this Agreement, you consent to the delivery of any legally required notices to the email address associated with your online LSAC JD Account at the time such notice is sent to you.

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Accessibility of this Agreement. 

If you have difficulty accessing this Agreement and/or any of LSAC’s policies referred to in this Agreement, please contact accessibility@LSAC.org in advance of registering for and/or taking the Test. LSAC will be happy to provide this Agreement and/or any of LSAC’s policies in an alternative format, or to assist you in some other manner as is reasonably necessary to enable you to access this Agreement.

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